Endochondral bone tissue engineering using embryonic stem cells

@article{citeulike:2799642, abstract = {Embryonic stem cells can provide an unlimited supply of pluripotent cells for tissue engineering applications. Bone tissue engineering by directly differentiating ES cells (ESCs) into osteoblasts has been unsuccessful so far. Therefore, we investigated an alternative approach, based on the process of endochondral ossification. A cartilage matrix was formed in vitro by mouse ESCs seeded on a scaffold. When these cartilage tissue-engineered constructs (CTECs) were implanted s.c., the cartilage matured, became hypertrophic, calcified, and was ultimately replaced by bone tissue in the course of 21 days. Bone aligning hypertrophic cartilage was observed frequently. Using various chondrogenic differentiation periods in vitro, we demonstrated that a cartilage matrix is required for bone formation by ESCs. Chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and articular chondrocytes showed that a cartilage matrix alone was not sufficient to drive endochondral bone formation. Moreover, when CTECs were implanted orthotopically into critical-size cranial defects in rats, efficient bone formation was observed. We report previously undescribed ESC-based bone tissue engineering under controlled reproducible conditions. Furthermore, our data indicate that ESCs can also be used as a model system to study endochondral bone formation. 10.1073/pnas.0711662105}, author = {Jukes, Jojanneke M. and Both, Sanne K. and Leusink, Anouk and Sterk, Lotus M. and van Blitterswijk, Clemens A. and de Boer, Jan }, citeulike-article-id = {2799642}, doi = {10.1073/pnas.0711662105}, journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences}, keywords = {stemcells}, month = {May}, number = {19}, pages = {6840--6845}, posted-at = {2008-05-14 18:14:58}, priority = {2}, title = {Endochondral bone tissue engineering using embryonic stem cells}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0711662105}, volume = {105}, year = {2008} }

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:2799642 L3 - citeulike-article-id:2799642 TI - Endochondral bone tissue engineering using embryonic stem cells JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences VL - 105 IS - 19 SP - 6840 EP - 6845 N2 - Embryonic stem cells can provide an unlimited supply of pluripotent cells for tissue engineering applications. Bone tissue engineering by directly differentiating ES cells (ESCs) into osteoblasts has been unsuccessful so far. Therefore, we investigated an alternative approach, based on the process of endochondral ossification. A cartilage matrix was formed in vitro by mouse ESCs seeded on a scaffold. When these cartilage tissue-engineered constructs (CTECs) were implanted s.c., the cartilage matured, became hypertrophic, calcified, and was ultimately replaced by bone tissue in the course of 21 days. Bone aligning hypertrophic cartilage was observed frequently. Using various chondrogenic differentiation periods in vitro, we demonstrated that a cartilage matrix is required for bone formation by ESCs. Chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and articular chondrocytes showed that a cartilage matrix alone was not sufficient to drive endochondral bone formation. Moreover, when CTECs were implanted orthotopically into critical-size cranial defects in rats, efficient bone formation was observed. We report previously undescribed ESC-based bone tissue engineering under controlled reproducible conditions. Furthermore, our data indicate that ESCs can also be used as a model system to study endochondral bone formation. 10.1073/pnas.0711662105 KW - stemcells AU - Jukes, Jojanneke AU - Both, Sanne AU - Leusink, Anouk AU - Sterk, Lotus AU - van Blitterswijk, Clemens AU - de Boer, Jan PY - 2008/05/13/ UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0711662105 ER -