Responses of human frontal cortex to surprising events are predicted by formal associative learning theory.

@article{citeulike:3022193, abstract = {Learning depends on surprise and is not engendered by predictable occurrences. In this functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study of causal associative learning, we show that dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is associated specifically with the adjustment of inferential learning on the basis of unpredictability. At the outset, when all associations were unpredictable, DLPFC activation was maximal. This response attenuated with learning but, subsequently, activation here was evoked by surprise violations of the learned association. Furthermore, the magnitude of DLPFC response to a surprise event was sensitive to the relationship that had been learned and was predictive of subsequent behavioral change. In short, the physiological response properties of right DLPFC satisfied specific predictions made by associative learning theory.}, address = {Brain Mapping Unit, Box 189, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, UK. pcf22@cam.ac.uk}, author = {Fletcher, P. C. and Anderson, J. M. and Shanks, D. R. and Honey, R. and Carpenter, T. A. and Donovan, T. and Papadakis, N. and Bullmore, E. T. }, citeulike-article-id = {3022193}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn733}, issn = {1097-6256}, journal = {Nature neuroscience}, keywords = {associative\_learning, fmri, human, salience}, month = {October}, number = {10}, pages = {1043--1048}, posted-at = {2008-07-20 08:15:55}, priority = {2}, title = {Responses of human frontal cortex to surprising events are predicted by formal associative learning theory.}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn733}, volume = {4}, year = {2001} }

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:3022193 L3 - citeulike-article-id:3022193 TI - Responses of human frontal cortex to surprising events are predicted by formal associative learning theory. JF - Nature neuroscience VL - 4 IS - 10 SP - 1043 EP - 1048 AD - Brain Mapping Unit, Box 189, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, UK. pcf22@cam.ac.uk SN - 1097-6256 N2 - Learning depends on surprise and is not engendered by predictable occurrences. In this functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study of causal associative learning, we show that dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is associated specifically with the adjustment of inferential learning on the basis of unpredictability. At the outset, when all associations were unpredictable, DLPFC activation was maximal. This response attenuated with learning but, subsequently, activation here was evoked by surprise violations of the learned association. Furthermore, the magnitude of DLPFC response to a surprise event was sensitive to the relationship that had been learned and was predictive of subsequent behavioral change. In short, the physiological response properties of right DLPFC satisfied specific predictions made by associative learning theory. KW - associative_learning KW - fmri KW - human KW - salience AU - Fletcher, PC AU - Anderson, JM AU - Shanks, DR AU - Honey, R AU - Carpenter, TA AU - Donovan, T AU - Papadakis, N AU - Bullmore, ET PY - 2001/10// UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn733 ER -