By carrot or by stick: cognitive reinforcement learning in parkinsonism.

@article{citeulike:992133, abstract = {To what extent do we learn from the positive versus negative outcomes of our decisions? The neuromodulator dopamine plays a key role in these reinforcement learning processes. Patients with Parkinson's disease, who have depleted dopamine in the basal ganglia, are impaired in tasks that require learning from trial and error. Here, we show, using two cognitive procedural learning tasks, that Parkinson's patients off medication are better at learning to avoid choices that lead to negative outcomes than they are at learning from positive outcomes. Dopamine medication reverses this bias, making patients more sensitive to positive than negative outcomes. This pattern was predicted by our biologically based computational model of basal ganglia-dopamine interactions in cognition, which has separate pathways for "Go" and "NoGo" responses that are differentially modulated by positive and negative reinforcement.}, address = {Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309-0345, USA. frankmj@psych.colorado.edu}, author = {Frank, M. J. and Seeberger, L. C. and O'reilly, R. C. }, citeulike-article-id = {992133}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1102941}, issn = {1095-9203}, journal = {Science}, keywords = {model, msn}, month = {December}, number = {5703}, pages = {1940--1943}, posted-at = {2008-03-14 13:35:30}, priority = {2}, title = {By carrot or by stick: cognitive reinforcement learning in parkinsonism.}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1102941}, volume = {306}, year = {2004} }

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:992133 L3 - citeulike-article-id:992133 TI - By carrot or by stick: cognitive reinforcement learning in parkinsonism. JF - Science VL - 306 IS - 5703 SP - 1940 EP - 1943 AD - Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309-0345, USA. frankmj@psych.colorado.edu SN - 1095-9203 N2 - To what extent do we learn from the positive versus negative outcomes of our decisions? The neuromodulator dopamine plays a key role in these reinforcement learning processes. Patients with Parkinson's disease, who have depleted dopamine in the basal ganglia, are impaired in tasks that require learning from trial and error. Here, we show, using two cognitive procedural learning tasks, that Parkinson's patients off medication are better at learning to avoid choices that lead to negative outcomes than they are at learning from positive outcomes. Dopamine medication reverses this bias, making patients more sensitive to positive than negative outcomes. This pattern was predicted by our biologically based computational model of basal ganglia-dopamine interactions in cognition, which has separate pathways for "Go" and "NoGo" responses that are differentially modulated by positive and negative reinforcement. KW - model KW - msn AU - Frank, MJ AU - Seeberger, LC AU - O'reilly, RC PY - 2004/12/10/ UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1102941 ER -