Pharmacokinetics of hydromorphone hydrochloride in healthy dogs.

@article{citeulike:2845828, abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To assess the pharmacokinetics of hydromorphone administered intravenously (IV) or subcutaneously (SC) to dogs. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized experimental trial. ANIMALS: Seven healthy male neutered Beagles aged 12.13 +/- 1.2 months and weighing 11.72 +/- 1.10 kg. METHODS: The study was a randomized Latin square block design. Dogs were randomly assigned to receive hydromorphone hydrochloride 0.1 mg kg(-1) or 0.5 mg kg(-1) IV (n = 4 dogs) or 0.1 mg kg(-1) (n = 6) or 0.5 mg kg(-1) (n = 5) SC on separate occasions with a minimum 14-day washout between experiments. Blood was sampled via a vascular access port at serial intervals after drug administration. Serum was analyzed by mass spectrometry. Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined with computer software. RESULTS: Serum concentrations of hydromorphone decreased quickly after both routes of administration of either dose. The serum half-life, clearance, and volume of distribution after IV hydromorphone at 0.1 mg kg(-1) were 0.57 hours (geometric mean), 106.28 mL minute(-1) kg(-1), and 5.35 L kg(-1), and at 0.5 mg kg(-1) were 1.00 hour, 60.30 mL minute(-1) kg(-1), and 5.23 L kg(-1), respectively. The serum half-life after SC hydromorphone at 0.1 mg kg(-1) and 0.5 mg kg(-1) was 0.66 hours and 1.11 hours, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Hydromorphone has a short half-life, suggesting that frequent dosing intervals are needed. Based on pharmacokinetic parameters calculated in this study, 0.1 mg kg(-1) IV or SC q 2 hours or a constant rate infusion of hydromorphone at 0.03 mg kg(-1) hour(-1) are suggested for future studies to assess the analgesic effect of hydromorphone.}, address = {PharmCATS and the Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA.}, author = {KuKanich, B. and Hogan, B. K. and Krugner-Higby, L. A. and Smith, L. J. }, citeulike-article-id = {2845828}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2995.2007.00379.x}, issn = {1467-2995}, journal = {Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia}, keywords = {dog, hydromorphone, mai-08, pharmakokinetics}, month = {May}, number = {3}, pages = {256--264}, posted-at = {2008-05-29 21:22:03}, priority = {3}, title = {Pharmacokinetics of hydromorphone hydrochloride in healthy dogs.}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2995.2007.00379.x}, volume = {35}, year = {2008} }

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:2845828 L3 - citeulike-article-id:2845828 N2 - OBJECTIVE: To assess the pharmacokinetics of hydromorphone administered intravenously (IV) or subcutaneously (SC) to dogs. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized experimental trial. ANIMALS: Seven healthy male neutered Beagles aged 12.13 +/- 1.2 months and weighing 11.72 +/- 1.10 kg. METHODS: The study was a randomized Latin square block design. Dogs were randomly assigned to receive hydromorphone hydrochloride 0.1 mg kg(-1) or 0.5 mg kg(-1) IV (n = 4 dogs) or 0.1 mg kg(-1) (n = 6) or 0.5 mg kg(-1) (n = 5) SC on separate occasions with a minimum 14-day washout between experiments. Blood was sampled via a vascular access port at serial intervals after drug administration. Serum was analyzed by mass spectrometry. Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined with computer software. RESULTS: Serum concentrations of hydromorphone decreased quickly after both routes of administration of either dose. The serum half-life, clearance, and volume of distribution after IV hydromorphone at 0.1 mg kg(-1) were 0.57 hours (geometric mean), 106.28 mL minute(-1) kg(-1), and 5.35 L kg(-1), and at 0.5 mg kg(-1) were 1.00 hour, 60.30 mL minute(-1) kg(-1), and 5.23 L kg(-1), respectively. The serum half-life after SC hydromorphone at 0.1 mg kg(-1) and 0.5 mg kg(-1) was 0.66 hours and 1.11 hours, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Hydromorphone has a short half-life, suggesting that frequent dosing intervals are needed. Based on pharmacokinetic parameters calculated in this study, 0.1 mg kg(-1) IV or SC q 2 hours or a constant rate infusion of hydromorphone at 0.03 mg kg(-1) hour(-1) are suggested for future studies to assess the analgesic effect of hydromorphone. IS - 3 JF - Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia SN - 1467-2995 AD - PharmCATS and the Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA. EP - 264 TI - Pharmacokinetics of hydromorphone hydrochloride in healthy dogs. VL - 35 SP - 256 KW - dog KW - hydromorphone KW - mai-08 KW - pharmakokinetics AU - KuKanich, B AU - Hogan, BK AU - Krugner-Higby, LA AU - Smith, LJ PY - 2008/05// UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2995.2007.00379.x ER -