Fri, 25 Jul 2008 15:36:45 BST CiteULike: oamg face http://www.citeulike.org/user/oamg/tag/face CiteULike.org en-gb Copyright © 2004-2008 citeulike.org http://www.citeulike.org/user/oamg/article/1479628 <i>Neuropsychologia (13 June 2007)</i><br /><br />We investigated brain activity evoked by faces which were not consciously perceived by subjects. Subdural electrophysiological recordings and functional neuroimaging studies have each demonstrated face-specific processing in the fusiform gyrus (FFG) of humans. Using pattern masks, a stimulus can be presented but not consciously perceived, and thus can be used to assay obligatory or automatic processes. Here, using event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging and pattern masking, we observed that masked faces but not masked objects activated the right FFG. Other regions activated by consciously perceived unmasked faces were not activated when faces were masked. These data provide strong evidence for an automatic face-processing region in the right FFG. Face processing without awareness in the right fusiform gyrus. James P Morris Kevin A Pelphrey Gregory McCarthy doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2007.05.020 Neuropsychologia (13 June 2007) 2007-07-25T00:38:25-00:00 2007 Neuropsychologia 0028-3932 face fusiform_gyrus http://www.citeulike.org/user/oamg/article/1284003 <i>Curr Biol, Vol. 17, No. 9. (1 May 2007), pp. 766-772.</i><br /><br />The social behavior of both human and nonhuman primates relies on specializations for the recognition of individuals, their facial expressions, and their direction of gaze [1-5]. A broad network of cortical and subcortical structures has been implicated in face processing, yet it is unclear whether co-occurring dimensions of face stimuli, such as expression and direction of gaze, are processed jointly or independently by anatomically and functionally segregated neural structures. Awake macaques were presented with a set of monkey faces displaying aggressive, neutral, and appeasing expressions with head and eyes either averted or directed. BOLD responses to these faces as compared to Fourier-phase-scrambled images revealed widespread activation of the superior temporal sulcus and inferotemporal cortex and included activity in the amygdala. The different dimensions of the face stimuli elicited distinct activation patterns among the amygdaloid nuclei. The basolateral amygdala, including the lateral, basal, and accessory basal nuclei, produced a stronger response for threatening than appeasing expressions. The central nucleus and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis responded more to averted than directed-gaze faces. Independent behavioral measures confirmed that faces with averted gaze were more arousing, suggesting the activity in the central nucleus may be related to attention and arousal. Facial-expression and gaze-selective responses in the monkey amygdala. KL Hoffman KM Gothard MC Schmid NK Logothetis doi:10.1016/j.cub.2007.03.040 Curr Biol, Vol. 17, No. 9. (1 May 2007), pp. 766-772. 2007-05-08T17:06:20-00:00 2007 Curr Biol 0960-9822 17 9 766 772 amygdala face fmri gaze monkey