Sun, 20 Jul 2008 13:41:08 BST CiteULike: mbregman cross-modal http://www.citeulike.org/user/mbregman/tag/cross-modal CiteULike.org en-gb Copyright © 2004-2008 citeulike.org http://www.citeulike.org/user/mbregman/article/1206162 <i>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2 April 2007)</i><br /><br />The cochlear implant (CI) is a neuroprosthesis that allows profoundly deaf patients to recover speech intelligibility. This recovery goes through long-term adaptative processes to build coherent percepts from the coarse information delivered by the implant. Here we analyzed the longitudinal postimplantation evolution of word recognition in a large sample of CI users in unisensory (visual or auditory) and bisensory (visuoauditory) conditions. We found that, despite considerable recovery of auditory performance during the first year postimplantation, CI patients maintain a much higher level of word recognition in speechreading conditions compared with normally hearing subjects, even several years after implantation. Consequently, we show that CI users present higher visuoauditory performance when compared with normally hearing subjects with similar auditory stimuli. This better performance is not only due to greater speechreading performance, but, most importantly, also due to a greater capacity to integrate visual input with the distorted speech signal. Our results suggest that these behavioral changes in CI users might be mediated by a reorganization of the cortical network involved in speech recognition that favors a more specific involvement of visual areas. Furthermore, they provide crucial indications to guide the rehabilitation of CI patients by using visually oriented therapeutic strategies. Evidence that cochlear-implanted deaf patients are better multisensory integrators. J Rouger S Lagleyre B Fraysse S Deneve O Deguine P Barone doi:10.1073/pnas.0609419104 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2 April 2007) 2007-04-04T15:24:33-00:00 2007 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 0027-8424 auditory cross-modal development visual http://www.citeulike.org/user/mbregman/article/532063 <i>Science, Vol. 308, No. 5727. (3 June 2005), 1430.</i><br /><br />We hear the melody in music, but we feel the beat. We demonstrate that the perception of musical rhythm is a multisensory experience in infancy. In particular, movement of the body, by bouncing on every second versus every third beat of an ambiguous auditory rhythm pattern, influences whether that auditory rhythm pattern is encoded in duple form (a march) or in triple form (a waltz). Visual information is not necessary for the effect, indicating that it likely reflects a strong, early-developing interaction between auditory and vestibular information in the human nervous system. Feeling the Beat: Movement Influences Infant Rhythm Perception Jessica Phillips-Silver Laurel Trainor doi:10.1126/science.1110922 Science, Vol. 308, No. 5727. (3 June 2005), 1430. 2006-03-07T00:53:43-00:00 2005 Science 308 5727 1430 auditory cross-modal embodiment musicperception rhythm http://www.citeulike.org/user/mbregman/article/2351238 <i>Nat Neurosci, Vol. 6, No. 7. (July 2003), pp. 682-687.</i> Swinging in the brain: shared neural substrates for behaviors related to sequencing and music Petr Janata Scott Grafton doi:10.1038/nn1081 Nat Neurosci, Vol. 6, No. 7. (July 2003), pp. 682-687. 2008-02-08T01:02:50-00:00 2003 Nat Neurosci 6 7 682 687 auditory cross-modal musicperception rhythm http://www.citeulike.org/user/mbregman/article/2332819 <i>J. Cogn. Neurosci., Vol. 19, No. 5. (1 May 2007), pp. 893-906.</i><br /><br />When we listen to rhythm, we often move spontaneously to the beat. This movement may result from processing of the beat by motor areas. Previous studies have shown that several motor areas respond when attending to rhythms. Here we investigate whether specific motor regions respond to beat in rhythm. We predicted that the basal ganglia and supplementary motor area (SMA) would respond in the presence of a regular beat. To establish what rhythm properties induce a beat, we asked subjects to reproduce different types of rhythmic sequences. Improved reproduction was observed for one rhythm type, which had integer ratio relationships between its intervals and regular perceptual accents. A subsequent functional magnetic resonance imaging study found that these rhythms also elicited higher activity in the basal ganglia and SMA. This finding was consistent across different levels of musical training, although musicians showed activation increases unrelated to rhythm type in the premotor cortex, cerebellum, and SMAs (pre-SMA and SMA). We conclude that, in addition to their role in movement production, the basal ganglia and SMAs may mediate beat perception. Rhythm and Beat Perception in Motor Areas of the Brain Jessica Grahn Matthew Brett J. Cogn. Neurosci., Vol. 19, No. 5. (1 May 2007), pp. 893-906. 2008-02-05T01:22:40-00:00 2007 J. Cogn. Neurosci. 19 5 893 906 auditory cross-modal rhythm http://www.citeulike.org/user/mbregman/article/2278292 <i>Experimental Brain Research, Vol. 153, No. 4. (1 December 2003), pp. 628-636.</i><br /><br />Many object-related actions can be recognized both by their sound and by their vision. Here we describe a population of neurons in the ventral premotor cortex of the monkey that discharge both when the animal performs a specific action and when it hears or sees the same action performed by another individual. These 'audiovisual mirror neurons' therefore represent actions independently of whether these actions are performed, heard or seen. The magnitude of auditory and visual responses did not differ significantly in half the neurons. A neurometric analysis revealed that based on the response of these neurons, two actions could be discriminated with 97% accuracy. Audiovisual mirror neurons and action recognition C Keysers E Kohler MA Umiltà L Nanetti L Fogassi V Gallese doi:10.1007/s00221-003-1603-5 Experimental Brain Research, Vol. 153, No. 4. (1 December 2003), pp. 628-636. 2008-01-23T00:15:22-00:00 2003 Experimental Brain Research 153 4 628 636 auditory cross-modal http://www.citeulike.org/user/mbregman/article/874801 <i>Science, Vol. 297, No. 5582. (2 August 2002), pp. 846-848.</i><br /><br />Many object-related actions can be recognized by their sound. We found neurons in monkey premotor cortex that discharge when the animal performs a specific action and when it hears the related sound. Most of the neurons also discharge when the monkey observes the same action. These audiovisual mirror neurons code actions independently of whether these actions are performed, heard, or seen. This discovery in the monkey homolog of Broca's area might shed light on the origin of language: audiovisual mirror neurons code abstract contents-the meaning of actions-and have the auditory access typical of human language to these contents. Hearing sounds, understanding actions: action representation in mirror neurons. E Kohler C Keysers MA Umiltà L Fogassi V Gallese G Rizzolatti doi:10.1126/science.1070311 Science, Vol. 297, No. 5582. (2 August 2002), pp. 846-848. 2006-09-27T05:35:58-00:00 2002 Science 1095-9203 297 5582 846 848 auditory cross-modal http://www.citeulike.org/user/mbregman/article/1401200 <i>Nat Rev Neurosci, Vol. 8, No. 7. (July 2007), pp. 547-558.</i> When the brain plays music: auditory-motor interactions in music perception and production Robert Zatorre Joyce Chen Virginia Penhune doi:10.1038/nrn2152 Nat Rev Neurosci, Vol. 8, No. 7. (July 2007), pp. 547-558. 2007-06-20T15:14:39-00:00 2007 Nat Rev Neurosci 8 7 547 558 auditory cross-modal musicperception