CiteULike is a free online bibliography manager. Register
and you can start organising your references online.
Comprehension of cause-effect relations in a tool-using task by chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes).J Comp Psychol, Vol. 109, No. 1. (March 1995), pp. 18-26.
|
Reviews
[Write a review of this article]
There are no reviews of this article
Find related articles from these CiteULike users Find related articles with these CiteULike tags AbstractFive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) were tested to assess their understanding of causality in a tool task. The task consisted of a transparent tube with a trap-hole drilled in its middle. A reward was randomly placed on either side of the hole. Depending on which side the chimpanzee inserted the stick into, the candy was either pushed out of the tube or into the trap. In Experiment 1, the success rate of 2 chimpanzees rose highly above chance, but that of the other subjects did not. Results show that the 2 successful chimpanzees selected the correct side for insertion beforehand. Experiment 2 ruled out the possibility that their success was due to a distance-based associative rule, and the results favor an alternative hypothesis that relates success to an understanding of the causal relation between the tool-using action and its outcome.
BibTeX record RIS record12th 2nd 5ht2a 5-ht_theory_of_impulsivity 5_httlpr 5-httlpr 7a abstract accumbens accumulatormodel acetycholine action action_outcome_learning action_selection actor_critic adaptation addicition addiction adha adhd affect age age_differences agency aggression aic aip alcohol_dependence alcoholism alliances altruism altruism_scale altruism_strategic alzheimers_disease ambiguity amphetamine amygdala amygdala_basolateral amygdala_central animal animal_behavior anterior_cingulate anterior_cingulate_cortex anticipation antisaccade antisense apes appetitive artificial_grammar_acquisition atd atd_fmri atlas attention audition auditory auditorycortex autism aversion aversive barn_owl basalganglia basal_ganglia basal_ganglia-forebrain_circuit basal_ganlgia basisfunction bayesian bdnf bee bees behavior binding_problem biological_motion biological_motion_perception bird birdsong black-scholes bold bootstrap bottomup bottom_up bradykinesia brainstem caffeine call camkii cat caudate causal_inference causality causal_judgements cause_and_effect cause_effect central_pattern_generator cerebral_blood_volume change_detection chick children chimpanzee chimpanzees choice choicebehavior choice-behavior chronicrecording cingulate cingulate-cortex circular classical_conditioning classification clinical_trial clock cocaine cognition cognitivecontrol cognitive_control_network collinearity color_opponency communication comparative comparison computationalmodel computational_model comt comt_val158met conditioning conectivity confidence_intervals conflict connectivity consciousness context contextual_modulation contingency contrast contrast_detection contribution cooperation coordinate_transformation coordinate_transformations corollary_discharge correlation cortex cortical_thalamic_competition corticosteroids corticostriatolimbic_circuit cortisol cost counterfactual counterfactual_learning counterfactuals countermanding cpp credit_assignment crossed current_source_density cyclic_voltammetry d1_receptor d2_receptor dartmouth_crew dat dbs deceit deception decision decision_field_theory decisionmaking decision_making decision-making declarative_episodic_memory decoding decsion_making deep-brain_stimulation dentate_nucleus depression derivatives design detection_power development diet diffusion_model diffusion-weighted_imaging disappointment discounting discrete_choice discrimination disgust dishonesty distraction diversity dolphins dopamine dopamine_d4_receptor dopamine_transporter dorsal_anterior_cingulate dorsolateral dorsolateral_striatum drd2 drd4 drd47 dti dual-self_model easy economics edge_filters eeg effector-specific efficiency efficient_brain efficient_coding efmri einstein elderly electric_fish electrophysiology emotion emotions empathy endowment_effect entropy episodic_memory erp error_processing error-related_negativity error_signals estimation estimation_efficiency event-related evoked evolution exchange executive_control executive_function executive_processing exercise expectation expected_utility experiential_v_abstract exploration extra_rf_modulation extraversion eye-movements eye_position eye-position face face_recognition facial_emotion_recognition facial_expression_recognition fairness fear feb feedback fef female_choice finance fly fmri fmri_interpretation fmri_methodology fmri_methods fmri-methods folk_physics folk_psychology food foraging foragingtheory framing framing_effect _francesca freeviewing frontal frontal_cortex frontal_eye_fields functionalism future gain_control gain_field gain_fields gambling game gametheory game_theory gamma gap gating gaussian_processes gaze gene gene_clustering generalization genes gene_therapy genetics genetics_methods genome genotype globus_pallidus goaldirected goal-directed gpe gpi grammar habenula habit haloperidol harm_avoidance hawk-dove hazardfunction headache head_injury hearing hebbian_learning helping_attitude_scale hemodynamic_response hidden_markov_models hippocampal hippocampus hirf historical h_pylori human human_bacterial_symbiosis human_processing human_stress_response hungtingtons_disease hybrid_representation identification iia imaging imaging_genomics imitation implant implicit inactivation inbreeding incentive_learning incentive_motivation incremental_learning independent_components_analysis indeterminacy inference inference_judgements information_theory information_utilization inhibition instructed_learning instrumental_conditioing instrumental_conditioning instrumental_learning insula insular insular_cortex intention interpersonal_trust intracellular intracranial_field_potentials intraparietal intraparietal_sulcus intuition intuitive investment_task iron irrational it item_analysis junctions june known_unknowns kullback-leibler kullback-leibler_divergence lab laminar language language_development latency lateralization lateral_prefrontal_cortex learning leech lek_paradox lesion lfp lgn likelihood_ratio limbic limulus linear_algebra lip lnp localcircuit locust logit long_term_memory loss loss_aversion love ltp m146v macaque macaques machine_learning magnitude malicious_errors mao markov matching matching_law mate_selection math mating mdeling mdn medial_frontal medial_prefrontal medial_prefrontal_cortex medial_temporal_lobe medicine meeting memory memory_retrieval mesial_prefrontal_cortex metabolism metagenomic method methodology methods methylphenidate mice microcircuit microstimulation mip mirror mirror_neuron mirror_neurons mirror-neurons mirror_neuron_system mle model model_diagnostics modeling models model_selection monkey monkey_fmri monkeys monogamy mood_changes moral morality morphine mosquito motion motivation motor motor_cortex motor_learning mpfc mri mst mt multimodal_interaction multiple_da_signals multiplicative naturalistic_stimuli natural_signals nature_nurture nausea neglect networks neural neural_coding neuroanatomy neuroeconomics neuroimaging neurology neuromarketing neuromodulation neuropharmacology neurophysiology neuroprosthetics neuroscience neurosonography neurosurgery neurotoxicity nicotine nigro_tectal nmda_nr3a noise nonhuman nonlinear_dynamics nonlinearity non-reinforcement norepinephrine normalization _note nucleus_accumbens number numerosity object_discrimination object_recognition observation observational_learning obsessive-ompulsive_disorder oculomotor oddball_task ofc opinion optical_imaging optical-imaging optimality optimal_sequencing optimal_stimulus_presentation optimization options orangutan orbitofrontal orbito-frontal orbitofrontal_cortex orchid orgasm orientation_selectivity orthogonalization oscillations other-regarding other_regarding_preferences oxytocin pain paradox_of_choice parietal parietal_cortex parkinsons pathology pathway patients pavlovian_conditioning pavolvian_conditioning payoff_uncertainty pdp pe penalties perception performancemonitoring perirhinal persistentactivity personality personality_traits perspective_taking pessimism pet pfc pg _pg phaselocking phenotype phosphene photophobia pigeon placebo placefield planning planning_ahead plasticity pleasure policy population_code populationcoding population_vector posteriorparietal ppc pptg predictability prediction_error preferences prefrontal prefrontal_cortex prefrontal_damage prelimbic_cortex premotor premotor_theory primate primer priming prisoners_dilemna probabilistic probabilistic_choice probability programming projections proprioceptive prosocial_behavior prospecttheory protein_synthesis prr psychology psychophysics psychosis punishment purchases putamen random_utility rat ratecode rational_behavior rationality reaction_time reactivation receptive_field redundancy referenceframe reference_frame refractory_period regeneration regression regret reinforcement reinforcement_learning rem repetition_priming representation residuals response_inhibition retina retinotopy revenge reversal_learning review rewar reward reward_contingency reward_expectation reward_prediction_error rewards ripple risk risk_acceptance risk_perception risk_preference risky_choice robot rodent rpe rsquared rtd rtms s1 s2 saccade saccades salience satiety satisficing sc scalartiming schizophrenia scrub_jays sef selective_attention self selfish selfishness_scale self_organization self-regarding self-report self-simulation semi_mdp sensorimotor sensorimotorelectrophysiology sensorimotor_learning sequencce sequence_processing serotonin serotonin_polymorphism serotonin_receptor serotonin_transporter set_shifting signal_detection_theory sign-language simulation simulations single-cell single-trial_averaging single-unit skill skill_learning slc6a4 sleep slice sma smoking smootheyemovement snc snr social social_behavior social_cognition social_cognitive_theory social_perception social_threat_cues somatosensory somatosensory_cortex songbird soundlevel spatial_information spatial_memory spatial_processing spatial_updating spear-wielding speed_accuracy spike_statistics spindle split_brain split-btain spontaneous_activity srcub-jays ssri starling state-dependent statistics stdp stereotaxic stimulation stimulus-independent_thought stimulus_relevance stimulus-reward_learning stimulus-specific_representation stochastic_choice storage strategic strategy striatal striate striatum stroke stroop_effect subliminal subliminal_motivation substantia_nigra substantia_nigra_pars_compacta substantia_nigra_pars_reticulata superiorcolliculus superior_colliculus superior_temporal_gyrus superior_temporal_sulcus supplementary_eye_fields svd sws symbiosis synchrony synesthesia synfire_chain tan tans target_selection task te teaching technique temporal temporalcode temporal_difference temporal_integration terminology tetrode texture thalamus theory theory_of_mind theta time timing tms tool tool_use tool-using topdown top_down topographic tph2 transgenic traumatic_brain_injury treatment trial_and_error trial-based trust trust_game truth tryptophan tryptophan_depletion twophoton ultimatum_game uncertain_environments uncertainty unexpected unknown_unknowns utility v1 v4 value variability vasopressin vaulation ventral_pallidum ventral_striatum ventral_tegmental_area ventrolateral_prefrontal_cortex ventromedial_prefrontal ventromedial_prefrontal_damage vip vision visual visual_search visuomotor_maps vole vta wandering_mind weather_prediction_task webers_law welfare whole_cell winner_take_all wisc workingmemory working_memory y_leu7pro